The correct options are:
- Wear sunglasses when going outside
- Chew sugar free gum
- Increase fluid and fiber intake
Rationale:
Scopolamine is a medication commonly used to prevent motion sickness. The transdermal patch delivers the medication through the skin and into the bloodstream. The medication works by blocking certain receptors in the brain that trigger nausea and vomiting. However, it can also cause some adverse effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, and urinary retention.
To alleviate the adverse effects of scopolamine, the nurse should provide the following education to the patient:
- Wear sunglasses when going outside to reduce the risk of blurred vision and sensitivity to bright light.
- Chew sugar-free gum to help with dry mouth.
- Increase fluid and fiber intake to prevent constipation, which can worsen the adverse effect of urinary retention.
The option "Urinary incontinence may occur, use caution" is incorrect as scopolamine can cause urinary retention, not incontinence. The option "Avoid exercise to avoid fatigue" is also incorrect as exercise can actually help alleviate some adverse effects of scopolamine, such as drowsiness.
