At plasma concentrations of glucose higher than those associated with the transport maximum (= 300 mg/dl), which of the following statements is correct?

Answer
d) The excretion rate of glucose increases with increasing plasma glucose concentrations
Explanation
When there is a high concentration of glucose in the bloodstream, it can lead to a condition known as hyperglycemia, which is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. To reduce the levels of glucose in the bloodstream, the body increases the rate of cellular respiration and converts the excess glucose to glycogen for storage. In addition, other metabolic pathways, such as proteolysis and lipid lysis, which can generate glucose, are shut down.
It is important to prevent hyperglycemic symptoms, which can include increased urination, thirst, and fatigue. One way the body can do this is by increasing the excretion rate of glucose. This can occur through the kidneys, which filter excess glucose from the bloodstream and excrete it in the urine. However, when glucose is constantly present in high concentrations, the kidneys may not be able to keep up, leading to persistent hyperglycemia.
Overall, the body has several mechanisms to regulate glucose levels and prevent hyperglycemia. By increasing the rate of cellular respiration, converting excess glucose to glycogen, and increasing excretion, the body can reduce the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream and prevent hyperglycemic symptoms.