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C H A P T E R 12 Bacterial Vaccines . Which one of the following is the immunogen in the vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae? (A) Capsular polysaccharide (B) Endotoxin

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  1. Which one of the following is the immunogen in the vaccine

against Streptococcus pneumoniae?

(A) Capsular polysaccharide

(B) Endotoxin

(C) Formaldehyde-killed organisms

(D) Pilus protein

(E) Toxoid

  1. Disease caused by which one of the following bacteria is prevented

by a toxoid vaccine?

(A) Bacteroides fragilis

(B) Corynebacterium diphtheriae

(C) Neisseria meningitidis

(D) Salmonella typhi

(E) Vibrio cholerae

  1. Disease caused by which one of the following bacteria is prevented

by a vaccine in which the immunogen is covalently

bound to a carrier protein (conjugate vaccine)?

(A) Bacillus anthracis

(B) Clostridium tetani

(C) Haemophilus influenzae

(D) Mycobacterium tuberculosis

(E) Streptococcus pyogenes

  1. Passive immunity is used to prevent or to treat disease caused

by which one of the following sets of bacteria?

(A) Clostridium tetani and Clostridium botulinum

(B) Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

(C) Neisseria meningitidis and Bacillus anthracis

(D) Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae

(E) Streptococcus pyogenes and Salmonella typhi

✅ Answers (1)

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  1. (A)

Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine is immunogenic in early infancy and able to induce immunologic memory.

 

 

  1. (B)

Diphtheria vaccines are based on diphtheria toxoid, a modified bacterial toxin that induces protective antitoxin antibodies of the IgG type.

 

 

  1. (C)

The first conjugate vaccine used in humans became available in 1987. This was the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate, which protects against meningitis.

 

 

  1. (A)

Passive immunity is transferred from mother to child across the placenta, providing immunity for the first months of life. For the same reason, testing for IgG in infants may merely indicate maternal IgG, and not an acquired immunity in the infant. Also, response to certain vaccines may be sub-optimal as a result of these antibodies.

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Answered on June 24, 2020 4:47 pm
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