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gram-negative rods, is a medically important phenomenon. This most commonly occurs by a process that involves a sex pilus and the subsequent transfer of plasmids carrying one or more transposons. Which one of the following is the name that best describes this process? (A) Conjugation (B) Transduction (C) Transformation (D) Translocation (E) Transposition
pieces of their DNA in a process called programmed rearrangements. Which one of the following is the most important known consequence of this ability? (A) The number of plasmids increases significantly, which greatly enhances antibiotic resistance. (B) The amount of endotoxin increases significantly, which greatly enhances the ability to cause septic shock. (C) The surface antigens of the bacteria vary significantly, which greatly enhances the ability to avoid opsonization by antibody. (D) The ability of the bacterium to be lysogenized is significantly increased, which greatly enhances the ability to produce increased amounts of exotoxins. (E) The ability of the bacterium to survive intracellularly is greatly increased.
(A) They encode enzymes that degrade the ends of the bacterial chromosome. (B) They are short sequences of DNA that often encode enzymes that mediate antibiotic resistance. (C) They are short sequences of RNA that silence specific regulatory genes. (D) They are a family of transfer RNAs that enhance mutations at “hot spots” in the bacterial genome.
diphtheria toxin. The gene encoding the toxin is integrated into bacterial genome during lysogenic conversion. The toxin gene was acquired by which process? (A) Conjugation (B) Transduction (C) Transformation (D) Translocation (E) Transposition |
